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Kennedy v. Bremerton School District

No. 21-418 SCOTUS · Decided Decided SCOTUS
Cert Granted: Jan 14, 2022 Argued: Apr 25, 2022 Decided: Jun 27, 2022


The Conclusion

**Supreme Court held 6-3 that a public school coach's private prayer at midfield was personal religious expression protected by the Free Exercise Clause and could not be suppressed to avoid the appearance of government endorsement.** The decision marked a significant shift in Establishment Clause jurisprudence, retiring the Lemon test in favor of a historical-practices framework.

CourtSupreme Court of the United States
Filed -
CL StatusActive
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Cert GrantedJan 14, 2022
StatusActive
Filed (CL) -
View on CourtListener →
SCOTUS TMR-625ee38f Jul 25, 2026

Related Cases (4)

direct precedent
  • Griswold v. Connecticut
    Griswold v. Connecticut is cited for the legal principle that constitutional rights protect not just private beliefs but the ability to act on those beliefs in daily life.
  • Keyishian v. Board of Regents
    The active case cites Keyishian v. Board of Regents as relevant authority.
  • Tinker v. Des Moines
    The active case cites Tinker v. Des Moines as relevant authority.
  • Trump v. Hawaii
    The active case cites Trump v. Hawaii as relevant authority.

Case Analysis

Overview

Joseph Kennedy was a public high school football coach in Washington state who knelt in prayer on the 50-yard line after games. A practice that sometimes drew players and community members to join him. The school district told him to stop, citing Establishment Clause obligations; he refused and was eventually let go. The Supreme Court ruled 6-3 in June 2022 that Kennedy's prayers were personal religious expression protected by Free Exercise Clause, and schools couldn't silence private speech to avoid the appearance of government endorsement. The decision retired the Lemon test in favor of historical-practices analysis.

Conclusion

**Supreme Court held 6-3 that a public school coach's private prayer at midfield was personal religious expression protected by the Free Exercise Clause and could not be suppressed to avoid the appearance of government endorsement.** The decision marked a significant shift in Establishment Clause jurisprudence, retiring the Lemon test in favor of a historical-practices framework.

Notes

OT2021. Added via SCOTUS bulk import 2026-05-14

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