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Perdomo, et al. v. Noem

No. 25-4312 Circuit · Active Active
Court
9th Cir.
ca9
Argued
Jul 28, 2025
Filed
Jul 14, 2025
Filed (CL)
Jul 14, 2025
CL Status
active

Case Overview

The government appealed Judge Frimpong's order which prevents federal immigration agents from using race, ethnicity, Spanish language skills, presence at a particular location, or type of work one does as a basis to stop and question individuals about their immigration status.


The Application

History

The district court enjoined federal agents from using any of these criteria as a basis for stops, finding they violated constitutional protections. The government appeals, arguing that location and employment context are relevant to immigration enforcement and that a categorical prohibition exceeds the court's proper authority.

The Conclusion

The Ninth Circuit appeal is pending, with the court to determine whether the lower court's protective injunction stands or is reversed or modified on appeal.

Federal Court TMR-2e2a56f1 Immigration Enforcement <br> Appeal of 2:25-cv-05605 May 18, 2026

Case Analysis

Overview

The government appealed Judge Frimpong's order which prevents federal immigration agents from using race, ethnicity, Spanish language skills, presence at a particular location, or type of work one does as a basis to stop and question individuals about their immigration status.

Issue

Whether federal immigration agents may use race, ethnicity, Spanish language ability, location, or employment type as factors in deciding whether to stop and question individuals about their immigration status.

Rule

Immigration stops must comply with Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures and cannot rely primarily on immutable characteristics in violation of equal protection principles, though certain articulable factors may be considered in immigration enforcement decisions.

Analysis

The district court enjoined federal agents from using any of these criteria as a basis for stops, finding they violated constitutional protections. The government appeals, arguing that location and employment context are relevant to immigration enforcement and that a categorical prohibition exceeds the court's proper authority.

Conclusion

The Ninth Circuit appeal is pending, with the court to determine whether the lower court's protective injunction stands or is reversed or modified on appeal.

Notes

Ninth Circuit appeal. SCOTUS docket. Not yet on CourtListener

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